Предлагаю вашему вниманию текст о Нижнем Новгороде и его истории на английском языке с переводом. Сначала английский вариант, затем с переводом.
Nizhny Novgorod was founded in 1221 by the great prince Yuri Vsevolodovich, great grandson of Vladimir Monomach. It is the only city in Russia whose founder was canonized. The city was founded as a fortress on the outskirts of Russia lands.
The city is situated at the confluence of the two big rivers — the greatest European river, the Volga, and its tributary, the Oka. The confluence of the Oka and the Volga — the famous “Strelka” — is the geometrical centre of the Russian valley.
The climate is temperately continental, with cold lasting winters and warm comparatively short summers.
The main place of interest in our city, its symbol is the Kremlin, a fine specimen of fortification art, built in 1500-1511. In Russia it is the only construction which is located not on an even hilly plateau but on a slope.
One of the events that facilitated the development of the city was the transfer of Makarievsky Trade Fair to Nizhny Novgorod in 1817. The commodity circulation at the Nizhny Novgorod Fair was the biggest in the world and the Fair played an exclusively important role in the development of the city’s cultural life: Fyodor Shalyapin sang here for several seasons; Lumiere brother’s films were shown; Nikitin’s circus came on tour.
In 1849 the first in the country shipbuilding plant was founded in Sormovo. The Sormovo plant played the leading role in the industrialization and defence of the country.
Our city has long been the first among cities on the Volga due to its leading position on the Volga way, it is not by chance, the city is called “the capital on the Volga”. Up to now Nizhny Novgorod remains the main pier and wharf on the Volga, the capital of the Volga navigation, the port of five seas. The first mechanized ship in the world was invented by the talented self-taught mechanic from N. Novgorod Ivan Kulibin as early as the 18-th century.
In the 1930s large-scale construction began on the outskirts of the city. Within a very short period of time a huge Car Works (Autoplant) was launched. Later on an aircraft plant, a machine building plant and other industrial plants were built. The Sormovo plant (“Red Sormovo”) was the first plant in the world to produce the famous “Raketas” (“Rockets”) and “Meteors” and other vehicles. The “Mig” fighters are made at the Nizhny Novgorod aircraft “Sokol” (“Falcon”).
The greatness of Nizhny Novgorod was created by the forces of many outstanding people of Russia — Kuzma Minin, N. I. Lobachevsky, Maxim Gorky, N. A. Dobrolyubov and others. In different periods our city was visited by Peter the Great, A. Dyuma-father, Fyodor Shalyapin, A. S. Pushkin, A. D. Sakharov… And the city has preserved the prints of their stay here.
Among the world prominent scientists who glorified the name of the city of Gorky are S. Chetverikov – a biologist and geneticist, S. Lebedev – an electronics expert, G. Razuvaev – the founder of a scientific school of fundamental and applied metal-organic chemistry and the chemistry of free radicals, A. Gaponov-Grekov – a radio physicist, N. Blokhin and V. Korolev – surgeons.
In 1991 the famous Nizhegorodskaya Fair was revived in a new capacity as an international exhibition center. Annual international forums “Great Rivers” devoted to the problems of a stable development of the countries and peoples in the basins of the great rivers are held at the Trade Fair. In 2004 the Nizhny Novgorod Fair go back its world wide recognition and rejoined UFI.
Our city is rich in theatres and cultural events such as the A. D. Sakharov’s International Festival of Arts, Pushkin’s days of poetry, theatrical “kapustnik”, “The Merry Goat” and others. The Art city museum has the richest collection of pictures, one of the best in Russia.
The unique trait of the Nizhegorodian land is also reflected in folk arts. The famous Khokhloma, Gorodetskaya painting (rospis), gold sewing, Balakhninskoe lace (kruzhevo) and others – you can see all this while visiting the Museum of Folk Arts or going to the small towns of the region: Semyonov, Gorodets, Pavlovo, Arzamas…
Since 2000 Nizhny Novgorod has been the capital of the Privolzhsky Federal okrug.
By the number of citizens, by its economic potential, by its occupied territory, by the number of different kinds of education establishments Nizhny Novgorod is among the five biggest cities of the Russian Federation.
С переводом:
Nizhny Novgorod was founded in 1221 by the great prince Yuri Vsevolodovich, great grandson of Vladimir Monomach. Нижний Новгород был основан в 1221 году великим князем Юрием Всеволодовичем, правнуком Владимира Мономаха. It is the only city in Russia whose founder was canonized. Это единственный город в России чей основатель был канонизирован (причислен к лику святых). The city was founded as a fortress on the outskirts of Russia lands. Город был основан как крепость на окраине русских земель.
The city is situated at the confluence of the two big rivers — the greatest European river, the Volga, and its tributary, the Oka. Город расположен на слиянии двух больших рек – крупнейшей Европейской рекой, Волгой, и ее притоком, Окой. The confluence of the Oka and the Volga — the famous “Strelka” — is the geometrical centre of the Russian valley. Самое знаменитое слияние Оки и Волги – «Стрелка» — геометрический центр русской долины.
The climate is temperately continental, with cold lasting winters and warm comparatively short summers. Климат умеренно континентальный, c длинными холодными зимами и жарким сравнительно коротким летом.
The main place of interest in our city, its symbol is the Kremlin, a fine specimen of fortification art, built in 1500-1511. Главная достопримечательность нашего город его символ Кремль, древний образец фортификационного искусства, который построен в 1500-1511 годах. In Russia it is the only construction which is located not on an even hilly plateau but on a slope. В России это единственное строение, которое расположено не на холмистом плато, а на склоне.
One of the events that facilitated the development of the city was the transfer of Makarievsky Trade Fair to Nizhny Novgorod in 1817. Одним из событий, которые способствовали развитию города была Макарьевская Торговая Ярмарка в 1817. The commodity circulation at the Nizhny Novgorod Fair was the biggest in the world and the Fair played an exclusively important role in the development of the city’s cultural life: Fyodor Shalyapin sang here for several seasons; Lumiere brother’s films were shown; Nikitin’s circus came on tour. Торговый оборот на Нижегородской Ярмарке был самым большим в мире и Ярмарка играла особенно важную роль в развитии культурной жизни города: Федор шаляпин пел здесь в течении нескольких сезонов; были показаны фильмы братьев Люмиер; цирк Никитина приезжал на гастроли.
In 1849 the first in the country shipbuilding plant was founded in Sormovo. The Sormovo plant played the leading role in the industrialization and defence of the country. В 1849 первый в стране судостроительный завод был основан в Сормове. Сормовский завод играл ведущую роль в индустриализации и обороне страны.
Our city has long been the first among cities on the Volga due to its leading position on the Volga way, it is not by chance, the city is called “the capital on the Volga”. Наш город уже давно является первым среди городов на Волге из-за его лидирующих позиций на Волге, не случайно, город называют «столицей на Волге». Up to now Nizhny Novgorod remains the main pier and wharf on the Volga, the capital of the Volga navigation, the port of five seas. До сих пор Нижний Новгород остается главным причалом и верфью на Волге, столицей навигации на Волге, портом пяти морей. The first mechanized ship in the world was invented by the talented self-taught mechanic from N. Novgorod Ivan Kulibin as early as the 18-th century. Первый механизированный корабль в мире был изобретен талантливым механиком-самоучкой из Нижнего Новгорода Иваном Кулибиным в начале 18 веке.
In the 1930s large-scale construction began on the outskirts of the city. В 1930 началось масштабное строительство на окраине города. Within a very short period of time a huge Car Works (Autoplant) was launched. За очень короткий период был построен Автозавод (район всмысле). Later on an aircraft plant, a machine building plant and other industrial plants were built. Позже были построены авиационный, машиностроительный и другие промышленные предприятия. The Sormovo plant (“Red Sormovo”) was the first plant in the world to produce the famous “Raketas” (“Rockets”) and “Meteors” and other vehicles. Сормовский завод («Красное Сормово») был первым заводом в мире, который производил знаменитые «Ракеты» и «Метеоры» и другие транспортные средства. The “Mig” fighters are made at the Nizhny Novgorod aircraft “Sokol” (“Falcon”). Истребители «Миг» сделаны авиационном заводе «Сокол» в Нижнем Новгороде.
The greatness of Nizhny Novgorod was created by the forces of many outstanding people of Russia — Kuzma Minin, N. I. Lobachevsky, Maxim Gorky, N. A. Dobrolyubov and others. Величие Нижнего Новгорода было создано силами многих выдающихся людей России – Кузьма Минин, Н. И. Лобачевский, Максим Горький, Н. А. Добролюбов и другие. In different periods our city was visited by Peter the Great, A. Dyuma-father, Fyodor Shalyapin, A. S. Pushkin, A. D. Sakharov… В разные периоды времени наш город посетили Петр Великий, А. Дюма-отец, Федор Шаляпин, А. С. Пушкин, А. Д. Сахаров… And the city has preserved the prints of their stay here. И город сохранил следы их пребывания здесь.
Among the world prominent scientists who glorified the name of the city of Gorky are S. Chetverikov – a biologist and geneticist, S. Lebedev – an electronics expert, G. Razuvaev – the founder of a scientific school of fundamental and applied metal-organic chemistry and the chemistry of free radicals, A. Gaponov-Grekov – a radio physicist, N. Blokhin and V. Korolev – surgeons. Среди выдающихся ученых мира, которые прославили имя города Горбкого были С. Четвериков – биолог и генетик, С. Лебедев – эксперт в области электроники, Г. Разуваев – основатель фундаментальной школы прикладных металло-органической химии и химии свободных радикалов, А. Гапонов-Греков – радио физик, Н. Блохин и В. Королев – хирурги.
In 1991 the famous Nizhegorodskaya Fair was revived in a new capacity as an international exhibition center. В 1991 известная Нижегородская Ярмарка была возрождена в качестве нового международного выставочного центра. Annual international forums “Great Rivers” devoted to the problems of a stable development of the countries and peoples in the basins of the great rivers are held at the Trade Fair. Ежегодный международный форум «Великие Реки», посвященный проблемам устойчивого развития стран и народов в бассейнах великих рек проходит на Торговой Ярмарке. In 2004 the Nizhny Novgorod Fair go back its world wide recognition and rejoined UFI. В 2004 Нижегородской Ярмарке вернулось всемирное признание и вернулось UFI.
Our city is rich in theatres and cultural events such as the A. D. Sakharov’s International Festival of Arts, Pushkin’s days of poetry, theatrical “kapustnik”, “The Merry Goat” and others. Наш город богат театрами и культурными мероприятиями, такими как Международный Фестиваль Искусств А. Д. Сахарова, дни поэзии Пушкина, театрального «капустника», «Веселая коза» и другие. The Art city museum has the richest collection of pictures, one of the best in Russia. Художественный музей города богат коллекцией картин, одной из лучших в России.
The unique trait of the Nizhegorodian land is also reflected in folk arts. Уникальная черта Нижегородской земли находит свое отражение в народном искусстве. The famous Khokhloma, Gorodetskaya painting (rospis), gold sewing, Balakhninskoe lace (kruzhevo) and others – you can see all this while visiting the Museum of Folk Arts or going to the small towns of the region: Semyonov, Gorodets, Pavlovo, Arzamas… Самые известные Хохлома, Городетская роспись, золотое шитье, Балахнинское кружево и другие – вы можете это все увидеть во время посещения Музея Народного Искусства или посещения маленьких городов регион).
Since 2000 Nizhny Novgorod has been the capital of the Privolzhsky Federal okrug. С 2000 года Нижний Новгород стал столицей Приволжского Федерального Округа.
By the number of citizens, by its economic potential, by its occupied territory, by the number of different kinds of education establishments Nizhny Novgorod is among the five biggest cities of the Russian Federation. По количеству граждан, по экономическому потенциалу, по занимаемой территории, по количеству различных образовательных учреждений Нижний Новгород является одним из пяти крупнейших город Российской Федерации.